It depends on who last touched the ball. If the ball was just hit by his team, the runner is out. If the ball was thrown by the other team, it is considered as if he had never touched the ball. This is a generally a negative for the fielding team, since after the ball hits him there's no telling where it will go.
There is one exception to this rule, and that is if he is running to first base and he is not running outside the first base line (in foul territory). In that case, he is out. This is the purpose of the second parallel line outside the first base line - to show where the runner must be running in foul territory.
The runner is called out for interference.
Yes, a runner is out if hit by a thrown ball while running the bases.
If the pitcher is in contact with the runner, the runner is safe if the pitcher drops the ball. If the pitcher is in contact with the rubber, it is a balk if he drops the ball.
He is out for interfering with a thrown ball while running out of the baseline. The same is true with a runner running to first base. Tom Seaver said that when he saw a runner running to first in fair territory he would throw the ball into his back to get the quick out.
No. A runner is out anytime while running to a base if he makes contact with the ball or the glove that the ball is in. On a pop-fly, a player with the ball only needs to touch the base the runner left from if the runner did not tag-up to the bag after the ball was caught.
If the runner is standing on a base, nothing happens; the ball is live. If the runner is not standing on a base, the ball is declared dead and the runner is out.
If a runner is touched by a batted ball while off base before the ball passes an infielder (other than the pitcher), it's dead ball, runner is out. If the runner is on base when touched by a batted ball, it's live ball and play continues.
if the runner is stealing no but if there was a ground ball and he is running then yes
The ball is dead and the runner is out.
No. To force an out, the defensive player has to touch the runner with the ball or touch the runner with the glove while the ball is in the glove. A thrown ball touching a runner does not count.
No, as long as he is on the base he is safe
Yes. They would be out. Think of it like this. If a runner is running home from third and the catcher slides onto the plate with the ball, the runner is still out, even though the catcher is on the ground. As long as the Defensive player has possession of the ball, and is touching the base, the offensive player would be considered out.