Transfer of momentum in a bunker shot refers to the efficient transfer of energy from the club to the sand and then to the golf ball. By striking the sand behind the ball with speed and control, the momentum is shifted to the ball, allowing it to pop up and out of the bunker. This transfer is key for generating height and distance on bunker shots.
ball must be played where it lies no matter what
No, you are not allowed to do so, you must not rake the bunker or smooth sand over with your feet, as this is deemed to be improved your stance or testing the ground conditions. You will get a two shot penalty for testing, if you do so.
When you play a shot from a bunker and hit it out of bounds, you clearly have to replay your shot. But the rules stipulate that the conditions of the previous shot must be recreated. So if you played from sand which was raked, you would rake the sand and place the ball as close to where the last shot was played from in the last shot. If you were in a footprint you would have to make a footprint and place your ball in it, and if you were in a divot, you would make a divot and place the ball in it.
Yes, you may do so, the key distinction that you have made in the question is the ball 'out' of the bunker. If the ball is still in the bunker you would be penalised two shots for grounding a club in a hazard. If the ball is no longer in the bunker you are in you may ground the club, but be aware, there is really no need to.
The ball falls, hits the road and does not roll.
Yes, it is. If the ball hits the player at anytime there is a two shot penalty, and the ball must be played as it lies.
A golfer can use any club from a bunker really. But in green side bunkers there are two clubs that are mainly used are a sandwedge and lob wedge. It really comes down to personal preference, length of shot, lie and height of bunker lip to which club is selected. Sandwedges are 54- 56 degree and lob wedges are 58-60 degree, the loft helps get the ball up in the air quickly. Wedges also have bounce, this prevents them from digging and also helps get the ball up quickly.
Most likely not, when you are playing a bunker shot, the idea is to hit the sand around 4-5 inches before the ball, and allow the ball to have a cushion of sand when the club passes it, this will allow it to go straight up in the air, come down and stop easily on the green. However you may decide to hit the ball first, this is a lot more unreliable shot and it is very easy to lose control of the ball and hit it thin.
'Explosion' refers to a certain type of shot played out of a sand trap. An explosion shot is done by striking the sand behind the ball, rather than the ball itself; the sand 'explodes' out of the bunker and carries the ball with it.
No, because this is viewed as testing, for which you would be given a penalty.
It is called a plant