An appeal has to be made by a fielder, though the Manager can point it out to his fielders.
if the ball was caught and the runner never tagged up then the defending team can throw to whatever base the runner didnt tag from and appeal to whichever umps call it was to see if the runner tagged up. If the ump did not see the runner go back and tag and team has appealed to him then the runner will be called out.
Yes. The runner must touch home plate prior to being tagged for the run to score. If the defensive team does not tag the runner or step on home plate, the run counts. This is an appeal play. If no appeal is made by the defensive team. the run counts.
Anytime a runner misses a base and an appeal is made he would be called out if the umpire saw it. Suppose only 1 runner crossed the plate, if the ball was thrown home and the catcher stepped on the plate the umpire would call him out (even if the runner is halfway back to the dugout), if multiple runners cross the plate, then and a ball is thrown home in play, the umpire will only make the "safe/out" call of the last runner to cross, or the play at the plate. In this case you would need to go through an official appeal process (ball to the pitcher on the mound, steps off the mound, throws home, catcher steps on the plate) --- The umpire will know what you are doing and if he saw it the same way, will call the runner that "missed home" out ---- If this would have been the 3rd out, his run and any runners that crossed home after him will not count
The runner has to go back to the base he started on before the play. If he is able to run to the next base after that, he can, but he must have his foot on the bag AFTER the catch is made. If he has run past any other bases, he has to run back around, no short-cutting.
NO. Base runner's must run the bases in the order they batted. If a runner overtakes another runner, he is automatically out.
The runner is not out and play goes on. Rule 7.09(k) states a runner is out when: "A fair ball touches him on fair territory before touching a fielder. If a fair ball goes through, or by, an infielder, and touches a runner immediately back of him, or touches the runner after having been deflected by a fielder, the umpire shall not declare the runner out for being touched by a batted ball. In making such decision the umpire must be convinced that the ball passed through, or by, the fielder, and that no other infielder had the chance to make a play on the ball. If, in the judgment of the umpire, the runner deliberately and intentionally kicks such a batted ball on which the infielder has missed a play, then the runner shall be called out for interference" Since the ball touched the fielder first and then the runner, play goes on.
Yes. The fielder covering the base does NOT have to tag the runner. The runner is forced out when the fielder steps on the base before the runner can make it back. Got that.
Testimonial appeal is when the author uses the stories of others to back up their own position.
No, in that situation the person with the ball would have to tag the runner for the runner to be out.
Appeal
The first motion to appeal goes back to the judge who made the original decision.
A pinch runner is a substitute for a runner that is already on base. If player A is on second base and the manager decides to replace player A with player B, player B would be called a pinch runner.