The runner has to go back to the base he started on before the play. If he is able to run to the next base after that, he can, but he must have his foot on the bag AFTER the catch is made. If he has run past any other bases, he has to run back around, no short-cutting.
The runner is also out and the ball is dead. All runners go back to previous bases.
Two bases from the base the runner occupied at the time the wild throw was made.
Runner would advance a base but if appealed that runner could be out.
no
if the runner does not tag up and does not get back to the bag after the ball is caught and thrown to whichever bag he is at then he is out.
2 from where he started. A simple example would be a fly ball left field, the ball is caught and the fielder flips the ball to a fan in the seats thinking it is the 3rd out. The runner is awarded 3rd base.
He can. But it would only be a sacrifice fly if someone scored on the play. So there would likely be runners on first and third or bases loaded.
Yes, provided he has control of the ball at the time.
Runners can attempt to advance on a fly out, provided that they tag up (touch the bade they are currently on after the ball is caught).
There is no free base or "advancing" by rule based on this play. Runner tries to advance at his or her own discretion if they take up.
A fly ball that advances a runner from second to third is not counted as a sacrifice fly, and it does count as an at bat. Unless a runner scores on a fly ball, the batter is charged with an at bat.
Yes, the hitter is out and if the fielder who caught the ball can get it to a base before the runner gets back the runner is out making it a double play