There are several penalties available; they usually fall under either team or personal penalties:
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There are many different rules in hockey and to list and explain them all would just be far to hard to understand and it would also be a total waste of time. My advice to you would be to visit many hockey website or Google the rules of hockey and that shoudl explain them in a much less complicated form than giving you the answer here. If you can't find what you excactly want on the computer try asking around or go to many of the various hockey clubs there are around and the will definatly be able to help you.
There is a penalty stroke in hockey for an intentional foul within the circle or for a foul preventing a probable goal. A penalty stroke can also be awarded for defenders repeatedly breaking the line early at a penalty corner.
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yes there is a penalty shot awarded in Ice Hockey when a player is on a break away and is tripped or interfered with from behind.