to play chess the pieces need to be moved about and take other pieces from your opponent and and they go on a board call a chess board
Chess
When a pawn is moved all the way across the board to row 8, it can be promoted, or swapped for a more valuable piece (usually a queen).
During the opening phase of a chess game, the king and queen are typically moved to safer positions behind a row of pawns, usually towards the center of the board.
At most tournaments you are not allowed to "do over" during a chess game. Most tournaments will enforce a rule that when a piece is lifted from the board, this piece must be moved. Of course you can agree on a "do over" with your opponent on some online chess websites or in real life games where the tournament rules or the game allow it.
No.
Chess started as a much simpler game, which was played around the 12th century. This simpler game involved an 8x8 board (iirc) in which opponents would have 2 rows of pieces. These pieces moved in simple ways and interacted in simple ways. Chess was developed a couple hundred years later, and we've been playing that version ever since, though some spin off versions have been created, like Wizard's chess (played drunk), Grand Wizard's Chess (played drunk and under the influence of a hallucinogen) and Champion's Chess (with 2 new pieces, and a larger 10x10 board.
No doubt this question comes from the new Boy Scouts of America Chess merit badge. I am a United States Chess Federation Master. I know chess. But I can only speculate what answer BSA wants here. No doubt someone with the new merit badge pamphlet could give an authoritative answer to the question, "What four rules should a Boy Scout give as the answer to 'What are the four rules for castling?' question for the Chess merit badge?" Here are the rules I understand for castling. 1. The King cannot have moved. 2. The Rook cannot have moved. 3. The King cannot be in check. 4. The King cannot move through check. 5. The King cannot move into check.
The chess words for "columns" and "rows" are "files" and "ranks" We talk about white pieces on the 8th "row" as being on the "back rank" Also if a pawn has moved from a "column" so that a rook can attack down it, this is referred to as an "open file."
The Bishop moves diagonally.
The board game in which players castle to protect their king and/or develop a rook is called Chess. To castle, the king and rook being castled can not have moved, the king may not be in check, there may not be a piece between the castling king and rook, and an opponent's piece may not be attacking the squares in which the king moves. To castle, the king moves two squares either towards the kingside rook or the queenside rook, and the rook is placed on the square the king passed through. Castling takes one chess turn.
The en passant rule in chess allows a pawn to capture an opponent's pawn that has moved two squares forward from its starting position. This rule affects the movement of pieces by providing a strategic opportunity for players to capture pawns in a unique way, adding depth and complexity to the game.