The full term is Catcher. In Canada it is referred to as Back Catcher.
Both are not correct. If it it must be part of your vernacular, then so be it, but both are not correct. If there is a "Back Catcher" then where is the "Front Catcher."
In Canada the term "hardball" is used too. Yes, a Baseball is hard, but the ball used in the game is a 'Baseball.'
I am a Canadian and am familiar with the term " back catcher." But it was always used in relation to kid's games of softball -- never baseball. "Hardball " is slang and has been used for generations in Canada to distinguish between thosewho play the game using the harder sphere as opposed to the game employing the lighter sphere that doesn't hurt so much when it hits you.
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It is a position behind home plate in baseball,softball,any related ball sport, who catches the ball from the pitcher.
The term "back catcher" is from the early days of baseball. In the earliest days, the positions, the rules, the number of balls and strikes, was a matter of "house rules". Everyone had their own.
There was no "back catcher" in the early days, because the equipment hadn't yet been invented. Nobody was dumb enough to try to catch a pitch in those days because there was no safety equipment.
But as the game became more popular, and more standardised, it went from people retrieving the ball and tossing it back to the pitcher, to a designated player wearing safety equipment who fulfilled the roll of "catching" the ball and throwing it "back"- hence the term "back-catcher".
The problem with people retrieving the ball, and why the practise went out of fashion, is that anyone could do it, and non-team-members and members from the opposing team couldn't be trusted with the practise. They might, and often did, sent the pitcher running for a deliberately (or not) badly thrown throw (how often do you get to say "thrown throw").
Back Catcher and Catcher are correct. I believe in Canada they are called Back Catchers, but regardless of who says what, they're both still right.