A wide and 4 byes/leg byes
A no ball and 4 byes/leg byes
Simply running between the wicket 5 times (would likely have to involve some overthrows)
Hitting a fielder's helmet which is on the ground
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In a legitimate ball the maximum number of runs that can theoretically be scored is infinite subject to sequential overthrows being run.
understanding overthrows is relatively simple, for example a run is taken but the ball misses the stumps and is not fielded which allows the batsmen to scamper through for an additional run (subject to it being fielded deeper in the field) this process can be repeated yielding the previous statement, however is extremely unlikely to happen more than twice.
However a ball can be overthrown and cross the boundary, thus giving the batsman his completed runs + four for the boundary overthrow.
In an illegitimate ball the previous scenarios stand but an additional team run is gained through the no ball/wide.
The maximum scoring shot (without overthrows) for a batsman is 6 for crossing the boundary without bouncing.
Next is 5 for hitting an alien object to the field, such as a wicket keepers helmet positioned behind him.
then 4 for a boundary which bounces, 3, 2 and 1 for completed runs between the wicket.
If the bowler does a no ball and that is counted as 1 run. The if the batsman hits that no ball for a four, the that is 5 runs from 1 ball
Yes batsman can run more than 4 times till ball in play that mean ball will dead or next ball will be bowled