When the pitcher: 1.switches his pitching stance from the windup position to the set position (or vice versa) without properly disengaging the rubber; 2. when going from the stretch to the set position, fails to make a complete stop with his hands together before beginning to pitch; 3. throws from the rubber to a base without stepping toward (gaining distance in the direction of) that base; 4. throws from the rubber to a base where there is no runner and no possibility of a play; 5. steps or feints from the rubber to first base without completing the throw; 6. pitches a quick return pitch, that is, pitches with the intent to catch the batter off-guard; 7. pitches or mimics a part of his pitching motion while not in contact with the rubber; 8. drops the ball while on the rubber; 9. after a feint or throw to a base from the rubber, fails to disengage the rubber before reengaging and pitching; 10. after beginning to pitch, interrupts his pitching motion; 11. begins to pitch while the catcher is out of the catcher's box when giving an intentional walk; 12. while pitching, removes his pivot foot from the pitching rubber, except to pivot or as a natural consequence of stepping forward to release the pitch inordinately delays the game; 13. pitches while facing away from the batter; 14. after bringing his hands together on the rubber, separates them except in making a pitch or a throw; or stands on or astride the rubber without the ball, or mimics a pitch without the ball In addition, if a pitcher commits any of the following illegal actions, it may result in a balk under certain circumstances: expectorates on the ball, either hand or his glove; rubs the ball on his glove, person or clothing; applies a foreign substance of any kind to the ball; deface the ball in any manner; or delivers a ball altered in a manner described above or what is called the “shine” ball, “spit” ball, “mud” ball or “emery” ball.
That is a difficult question to answer since game stats and play-by-play logs can be very difficult to find for games played many, many years ago. That said, since 1965 there have been 14 MLB games that ended on a walk-off balk ...
1) April 28, 1965 - Cubs pitcher Ernie Broglio balked in the winning run in the bottom of the 14th inning giving the Reds a 3-2 win.
2) June 8, 1965 - Astros pitcher Hal Woodeshick balked in the winning run in the bottom of the 11th inning giving the Pirates a 7-6 win.
3) Aptil 29, 1973 - Expos pitcher Tom Walker balked in the winning run in the bottom of the 9th inning giving the Astros a 4-3 win.
4) September 29, 1978 - Phillies pitcher Warren Brusster balked in the winning run in the bottom of the 9th inning giving the Pirates a 2-1 win.
5) July 10, 1986 - Angels pitcher Todd Fischer balked in the winning run in the bottom of the 12th inning giving the Red Sox an 8-7 win.
6) May 28, 1989 - Mets pitcher Roger McDowell balked in the winning run in the bottom of the 12th inning to give the Dodgers a 4-3 win.
7) July 4, 1993 - Marlins pitcher Matt Turner balked in the winning run in the bottom of the 9th inning giving the Braves a 4-3 win.
8) April 28, 2000 - Rangers pitcher Jeff Zimmerman balked in the winning run in the bottom of the 9th inning giving the Orioles a 4-3 win.
9) May 8, 2000 - Braves pitcher John Rocker balked in the winning run in the bottom of the 9th inning giving the Marlins a 3-2 win.
10) April 19, 2004 - Athletics pitcher Justin Duchscherer balked in the winning run in the bottom of the 14th inning giving the Mariners a 2-1 win.
11) July 15, 2005 - Nationals pitcher Mike Stanton balked in the winning run in the bottom of the 10th inning giving the Brewers a 4-3 win.
12) September 9, 2008 - Rockies pitcher Taylor Buchholz balked in the winning run in the bottom of the 10th inning giving the Braves a 5-4 win.
13) May 31, 2010 - Diamondbacks pitcher Esmerling Vasquez balked in the winning run in the bottom of the 9th inning giving the Dodgers a 5-4 win.
14) June 16, 2011 - Mets pitcher D.J. Carrasco balked in the winning run in the bottom of the 10th inning giving the Braves a 9-8 win.
"After a Balk was called on the pitcher, the runners were allowed to advance one base."
If you mean a player on base? When a pitcher drops the ball it is a balk and base runners advance one base.
There is only one call for a balk. When a pitcher is in the stretch and a runner or runners are on base, the pitcher must pause before throwing to homeplate. There can also be a balk called on the pitcher if he makes a move to throw out someone at first base, but doesn't actually throw the ball. (No fake throws to first allowed!) The last reason for a balk to be called is if a pitcher begins to move his front leg towards homeplate, but does not throw the ball to home. (Or simply pitch to the batter). A balk results in baserunners advancing one base.
A balk only happens in a pickoff attempt when the pitcher goes into his/her windup and seems lik they are pitching,but then throws to the base. The runner then gets to take a base. Since a balk only happens on a pickoff attempt which means someone is on base you can not balk with no runners on base.
If a runner is on first, and the pitcher balks, he is awarded 2nd base. The balk rule was instituted to keep pitchers from deceiving the runners.
The official baseball rule book defines a balk as βan illegal act by the pitcher with a runner or runners on base, entitling all runners to advance one base.
In MLB, it is a balk.
By definition, a balk can only be committed when there is at least one runner on base. http://mlb.mlb.com/mlb/official_info/official_rules/pitcher_8.jsp
If a "Balk" is called, all runners on base advance to the next base.
The vast majority of Balks are called on the pitcher, but a Balk can also be called on the catcher. With runners on base, if the catcher steps out of the catcher's box before the pitcher releases the ball, it's Balk on the catcher. When this happens, it is almost always while attempting to give an intentional base on balls.
a balk is a type of error by the pitcher in which he does not properly execute a pitch or fakes a throw to first base. For all 16 ways to balk go to MLB.com
A balk is defined as "Any motion made by the pitcher to deliver the ball to the bat without delivering it." The penalty for a pitcher balking is for any baserunners to advance one base.