There is no maximum age for swimming in the Olympics, however, certainly the younger one is the faster they can swim as a general rule. The 2008 U.S. Olympic swimming team's oldest member is 41 year old Dara Torres who won the national competition in the 100 meter freestyle. The 2008 Games will be Torres fifth ... she has won 4 gold, 1 silver, and 4 bronze in the 1984, 1988, 1992, and 2000 Games.
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Most gymnasts start young. Young can be anywhere from infant-hood to around the age of 8 or 9. Past that, it is really hard to do well, and stay in the sport because the amount of flexibility and strength one needs for gymnastics is tremendous and mostly relative to one's body. It is easier for a child's body to build up relative strength than that of an older child. Flexibility is also easier for the younger child because the bones in our bodies fuse together as we grow up.
As for the "Olympic [female] gymnast," it is hard to find one that did not start gymnastics before the age of 5. Most of them have their basics down around that age, then start competing, and then move up from the junior division (in the Junior Olympics program) to the senior division around the double digits. This way, they can compete on the international level for a few years (to gain experience) before they try their luck at the Olympic finals.
Men are relatively older than women when they reach the Olympics because they mature at a later age. Women's bodies, by their late teenage years or so, can no longer hold up because of overuse, abused joints, and etc. It is one of the reasons why the age minimum of 16 for women's artistic gymnastics is so often complained about.