Divide your rear sprocket into your front sprocket. Like 25x9. 25 divided by 9 = 2.77. so 2.77 to 1 is the drive ratio. If you go with a smaller sprocket like a 24 in the front but still a 9 in the back, you are lowering the gear ratio to 2.66 to 1. So your bike will be slower but easier to pedal.
If you go with a 25 in the front and a 10 in the back, you end up with a 2.5 to 1 ratio.
Don't confuse gear ratio with gear inches, that's a calculation including the wheel and sometimes the circumference of the tire.
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