I know that there are three different kinds of vaults, but not sure if there are anymore. There is one that's called a Horsing vault which is a rectangular, hard type of cushion that has some type of leather material on it, what you do is you run towards it then jump on a spring board and jump over the vault (there are many types of jumps). Then there is the table (vault) which looks like a table so its wider and longer (also harder to get over for more advanced gymnasts) which you can also do jumps on. The most common jump on a table is a front handspring. The most common jump for a horsing vault is a squat or a straddle. There is also the vault that compulsory level 4 and below gymnasts use. It is pretty much three 8-inchers stacked on top of each other, but a little wider and longer. The level 4s do handstand-flat backs onto them in compulsory.
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Vaulting in gymnastics requires two materials a vaulting table (search gymnastics table on Google images 1st picture) and a spring board. A gymnast runs to the springboard (the springboard is placed in front of the vaulting table) jumps on it as hard as they can so that they can do flips over the table. (Go onto YouTube and search for "Shawn johnsons olympic vault" and click on the 1st video to see what it looks like.)
It is one of four womens apparatus. The vault table is used with a springboard to propel the body over the vault (table) while only touching the table with the hands one time. There are many different vaults that can be performed from very basic to extremely high level skills.
When you do vault, you start off at the point of 10.0 Each time you do something wrong, you get a deduction.
i was actually hoping to find the answer because i really don't know it so....... whoever does know the answer, feel free to edit on my answer... or comment! (;