In 1895, Lenin and a few other socialists formed an organization called the Union of Struggle for the Emancipation of the Working Class. Lenin was arrested and sentenced to one year in prison and three years in exile in Siberia. The Union was seen by the Tsarist regime as advocating for workers' rights much like a trade union would; however trade unions were illegal under the Tsar.
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Lenin fled from Russia to Finland to avoid being arrested by the forces of the Russian Provisional Government. There had been an attempted revolution by other political parties and soldiers against the Provisional Government in early July 1917. It failed and many of the revolutionaries were arrested, imprisoned or exiled. To avoid this, Lenin left the country for a short time then snuck back into Russia disguised as a railway worker. Lenin even had Joseph Stalin shave his beard off so he would not be recognized.
It was 1917 when Lenin and the Bolsheviks in a nearly bloodless coup took over the Provisional Government that had been in place since the February 1917 revolution. The Provisional Government was dissolved and Lenin assumed power in Russia. It wasn't until 1920 that his hold on Russia was solidified, because the Russian Civil War soon broke out and lasted until 1920.
A communist system of government replaced the old, decadent, corrupt monarchy, after the Russian Revolution of 1917. Lenin created a socialist type of government, not a communist type of government. The government created by Lenin was just as repressive and autocratic as the monarchy that had been replaced. Dissent from Bolshevik/Communist doctrine or against the leaders of the Bolsheviks (meaning Lenin himself) was deemed counter-revolutionary and subjected the dissident to exile, imprisonment or death. All political parties, then existing as well as to be formed, except the Bolshevik/Communist Party were dispersed and outlawed. Lenin created the Bolshevik Party which seized governmental power from the Russian Provisional Government, which had been set up in place of Tsar Nicholas' II's rule. Then he created the first Russian republic called the Russian Soviet Federal Socialist Republic, which in 1926 became the Soviet Union. Once the Bolsheviks had all political power with no way for the people to change things, the government got just as corrupt as the Tsar's had been.
Lenin took power from the Russian Provisional Government headed at that time by Alexander Kerensky. Lenin did not take power from or overthrow the Tsar. That has already been done by the time Lenin took control.
Lenin overthrew the Russian Provision Government headed by Alexander Kerensky. Lenin did not overthrow the Tsar. The PG had been put in place after Tsar Nicholas II abdicated as a result of the February Revolution of 1917. The PG was supposed to be temporary until the Russian Constituent Assembly could be convened to create a new permanent government. Lenin took advantage of the weakness and unpopularity of the PG and engineered what amounted to a military coup rather than a true revolution to overthrow the Provisional Government in what has been called the October or Bolshevik Revolution of 1917.