So far, the consensus is that it was one of the Warburg brothers. There were four, two in New York, and two in Germany. One of the New York Warburgs made the plans for the Federal Reserve Bank. And one of the New York Warburgs began the campaign in 1919 to raise money for the six million Jewish victims of World War 1. That's right. WW I. According to the New York Times, Jews were the real victims of this war. Six million of them. One of the German Warburgs during WW I was the head of German Intelligence; and it was his idea to send Lenin into Russia to wreck the country and take it out of WW I. I would love to know more details. It is amazing that no-one has studied the German archives to get to the bottom of this.
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The Germans. They figured that Lenin would cause a revolution. If he succeeded, it didn't matter. Either way it would cause chaos and force Russia to remove itself from the war.
Vladimir Lenin was sent back to Russia by the German government in April 1917 in the hopes that he would disrupt the Russian war effort or even cause a revolution to get Russia out of the war.
Germany sent him there in the hope of destabilizing the country.
Germany sent Lenin back to Russia hoping that he would foment further revolutionary activity in Russia so that Russia would withdraw from fighting Germany in World War I. The February Revolution of 1917 had already taken place while Lenin was in Switzerland. Despite this revolution overthrowing the Tsar, the Provisional Government acting in place of the Tsar was still committed to fighting Germany in the war. The Germans knew that most Russians wanted to end their involvement in the war, so the German High Command sent Lenin back to Russia hoping he would destabilize the government and disrupt the army and perhaps even lead another rebellion. Germany even funded Lenin and his Bolshevik Party to some degree. Lenin led the October Bolshevik Revolution, ousted the pro-war Provisional Government and entered into the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with the Central Powers ending Russia's involvement in the war. Germany got what it wanted: an end to the war on the Russian front and the ability to move many divisions of soldiers to fight the French, British and Americans on the western front.
Germany hoped Lenin would be disruptive and stir up trouble in Russia in order to spark a revolution that would eventually take Russia out of World War 1, so it sent Lenin back to Russia. This would permit Germany to concentrate its military forces on other fronts instead of having to split them between two fronts. The strategy succeeded quickly since Lenin arrived in Russia in April 1917 and by October 25, 1917 (old style Russian calendar; November 7, new style) engineered the coupe that toppled the Provisional Government . In March 1918, Lenin, Russia signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk ending Russia's participation in World War 1.
Lenin had no role whatsoever in the February Revolution in Russia in 1917. At the time, he was living in exile in Switzerland writing revolutionary articles and having them smuggled into Russia, but nothing he did or wrote touched off the revolution. In fact he didn't even hear about it until it was all but over.