A bunker or sand trap
Hazard is the area of sand or water between the tee and the hole.
It is called the 18th hole
The 19th hole in golf is called the club house
a hole in one
OVER 9000000000000000000
A dog leg.
One under par on a hole is called a "birdie".
It is usually called a basket. the technical name is the disc pole hole, invented by the "Father of Disc Golf", "Steady Ed" Headric.
It is called a birdie
It is usually called the cup, and it is not always metal.
Hole out is simply finishing a hole of golf, obviously by putting the ball in the hole.
That's called the green.