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The Russian Mikhail Chigorin was first to take on Steinitz in his role as World Champion. Steinitz had defeated Adolf Anderssen (1866) and then Johannes Zuckertort (1886), the latter action leading to his coronation as the first World Champion. In 1889, Steinitz defeated Chigorin (10 wins, 1 draw, 6 losses) in Havana. Oddly, Chigorin was defeated by Steinitz (10 wins, 5 draws, 8 losses) in his last successful title defense in 1892. In 1894, Emanual Lasker unseated Steinitz. A link can be found below.
The game of chess dates back over 1500 years. We cannot know specifically who invented it nor who first played it.
Wilhelm Steinitz ; see related link below .