The Game of Kings, and its roots came from Persia.
Answer
Chess originated in India circa 600 CE and spread to Persia.
When the Arabs conquered Persia they took chess back to the Muslim world.
From there the game spread to Europe changing to its present form circa 1500 CE
Appended map shows the spread of chess and the local names given to the game - many translate (roughly) as "The king is dead!" reflecting the aim of the game.
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