A core phenolic center is made that is not of high tolerance. Then, at least 2 additional layers are built up over the core, each of better tolerance. In most cases, only the outer layer has the color and design. The exact material, method and number of layers varies from type to type. There is a reason one set may cost $160 and another only $60, and it generally is assocaited with the effort and tolerance.
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Early billiard balls were made of ivory. Today, billiard balls are made of either a polyester based or phenolic based resin.
Billiard balls can refer to the balls used for English billiards, pocket billiards, or snooker.
The earliest billiard balls were made of wood and then clay. Ivory was also used, the first ivory ball dates back to 1588. Today, billiard balls are made from plastic materials.