tripping, pushing, elbowing, kicking a person, slide tackling but hitting the person instead, and putting your foot to high, just like a high stick in hockey
it is dangerous in risk of a kick in the face.
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The seriousness of the foul plays a major role in determining the outcome. The referee is incharge of giving the decision, but may rely on his linesmen or 4th official. An offside or minor foul simply results in a free kick. A repeated offender or silly foul will result in a free kick and yellow card. A serious foul such as preventing a goal scoring chance, handling the ball will result in a red card and free kick or penalty depending where the foul occurred.
The consequence depends on the area on the field, and the severity of the foul. If the foul was pretty bad the referee would give the person a yellow card. If the foul was really severe (two-footed tackle, last-man intentional tackle), the referee might give the person a red card, which results in an ejection from the game
If the foul occurred on any part of the field other than the goalie box, then a direct free-kick (ball does not have to touch anyone first) would be awarded. If the foul occurs Insidethe goalie box, then a penalty (free shot from the penalty dot) would be be awarded to the opposing team.
In addition, a mild foul occurring very close to the goal, such as unintentionally blocking a shot with your hand as the last man between the goal and you, may result in a straight red card also. The referee and his assistants do have the final say though.