They are called the "offensive line" and "defensive line".
The offensive line is responsible for helping protect the quarterback and prevent defenders from tackling the the running back on running plays.
The defensive line is responsible first for maintaining a gap in the offensive line. From there, they either rush the passer or try to defeat a block or blocks by the offensive line, either so they can make the tackle or so one of their teammates can make a tackle.
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A flanker is a player on offense ... a receiver that lines up behind the line of scrimmage and on the other side of the ball that the split end is lined up.
Flanker is a term that is not used much anymore since receivers, in the current game of complex offensive formations, line up in so many different positions. A receiver that lines up in a flanker position on one play might line up in a split end position on the next play and then maybe in the backfield on the next play. The terms flanker and split end have been replaced with the generic term 'wide receiver'.
A player who catches passes. In an offensive formation, he usually lines up outside the tight end, off the line of scrimmage. Also Known As: receiver.