yes, it is a penalty that occurs on a point after touchdown attempt when a player uses another player( teammate) in an attempt to propel himself higher to block the kick.
There is no penalty for that
There is no evidence that such a penalty exists in any football league currently.
The False Start penalty can only be called on an offensive player. Prior to the snap, an offensive player needs to set, and when they move after this "set" by jumping or flinching they can get called for a false start penalty (if the ref sees it - and they usually do).
This penalty is called "Clipping".
No
a penalty
It depends on who made the penalty.
The penalty is a 5-Yard " Delay of Game " penalty
a fault 4 fault for a knock down/refusal
Yes, roughing the passer is a penalty. It calls for a 15 yard penalty on the offending team.
It is called the penalty arc. It is to ensure that defenders are 10 yards from the penalty spot when a penalty kick is taken.