Never
No
Penn State never won the national championship but they've made the final four several times.
Joe Namath?
No!
Yes 1999 over Virginia Tech
The 1999 Florida State Seminoles. They defeated Virginia Tech in the national championship and never once losing the number 1 ranking from pre-season to the national championship.
No
Yes ... Troy won the NAIA national championship in 1968 and the NCAA Division II national championship in 1984 and 1987.
Yes, in 1945 and 1967.
No
No, Alabama has not lost a national championship game.