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Hamster balls, hard plastic single layer spheres made for the use of hamsters and other small rodent pets, have been manufactured and sold since at least the 1970s. A Russian article on the Zorb mentions a similar device having debuted in 1973.In the early 1980s, the Dangerous Sports Club constructed a giant sphere (reportedly 23 metres/75 feet across) with a gimbal arrangement supporting two deck chairs inside. This device was eventually cut up for scrap, with some of the plastic remnants used to cover a compost heap. Human spheres have been depicted in mass media since 1990 when the Gladiators event Atlaspheres first aired, albeit with steel balls. In 1994, Dwayne van der Sluis and Andrew Akers conceived the idea for a type of sphere in Auckland, New Zealand, calling their invention the "Zorb", and patenting and trademarking the term. With Craig Horrocks and one other investor, hamster enthusiast Rebecca Mazonson, they created the firm Zorb Limited, and set to work commercializing sphereing. Their business model was to develop the activity world-wide via a franchise system. In 2000, van der Sluis exited from the company to return to his career as a software engineer; Akers continued to run the company as CEO until April 2006, when he resigned. Around this time, Zorb Limited's European master franchise operator, Michael Stemp, and Hungarian master franchise operator, Attila Csató, ended their affiliation with Zorb Limited and started a manufacturing firm, Downhill Revolution.