It was spread through the British colonies from their earliest times (hence its huge popularity in those countries, particularly India and Pakistan, and their dominance in the first years of decent competition). Its addition to the Olympic Games was also a major breakthrough, and cemented it as one of the top international sports. This version became popular in Canada and the US, before spreading to Northern and Eastern Europe (which are all typically winter-sport-oriented areas). The US American habit of forcefully promoting everything it does well at, regardless of importance to the rest of the world, helped considerably. This type is not as popular, but is gaining favour in European countries as an alternative to making large permanent, virtually sole-use turfs for the outdoor style. The move of several famous Field Hockey players to the indoor game attracted many fans, if only because it was more hockey to watch during lulls in the regular season. However, because of its pace and huge amount of action, it is accruing renown as a fantastic spectator sport and televising of events is on the rise.
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Im not sure how it became an olympic sport for the winter games but this may shed a little light on it first off hockey was an outdoor sport a long time ago when there were only about 5 or 6 teams playing in the nhl also hockey is one of the oldest winter sport games around so this also maybe why its there as for me i just believe its there cause its such an exciting game to watch.
By fulfilling the requirements, and having enough competitors, and enough media interest.