Technically speaking, no one ever set up a communist state as Karl Marx defined communism. Vladimir Lenin, after the October Russian Revolution, set up a socialist state in Russia, expecting that at some time in the future it would become a true communist state. It was referred to as a communist state because he had the name of the Bolshevik Party changed to the Communist Party in 1918.
Lenin was famous for being the leader of the Marxist revolutionary party known as the Bolsheviks and then orchestrating the October Revolution which overthrew the existing Provisional Government and set up a government controlled by him and the Bolshevik Party, which later renamed itself the Communist Party.
Vladimir Lenin in 1922
Lenin was more important by far. Lenin was the founder and leader of the Bolshevik Party, which eventually took over the country and set up the new socialist government. Trotsky was not even a member of the Bolshevik Party until shortly before the revolution. Trotsky became more of a right hand man to Lenin during the revolution and afterwords but he was never above Lenin in leadership.
The "communist revolution" was led by Vladimir Lenin and his Bolshevik Party followers. There were two Russian Revolutions in 1917. The February Revolution ousted the Czar, but was not a communist revolution. The October Revolution was orchestrated by Lenin and the Bolsheviks and ousted the Provisional Government set up after the February Revolution. The Bolshevik changed their name to Communists in March 1918.
Lenin warned the Central Committee of the Communist Party that Stalin was using the post of General Secretary of the Communist Party to consolidate too much power in himself and his position. Lenin also warned that Stalin was too rude and too coarse for the job of head of the USSR. Lenin always liked Stalin's aggressiveness and willingness to do anything to support the Bolshevik cause, but he did not believe that Stalin was the right person to lead the USSR. Lenin recommended to the Central Committee that it find a way to remove Stalin from his position of power before he becomes so strong, he may set himself up as a dictator, which is exactly what happened. Lenin wrote these warnings in several documents which came to be known collectively as "Lenin's Testament." Stalin had Lenin's secretaries secretly reporting to him everything Lenin did. Stalin learned of the Testament and had it suppressed so that no one beyond certain high Party representatives ever found out about it.
target, the store name with BEYOND at the end, and lenin and things
Lenin never overthrew the Tsar either by himself or with the Bolshevik Party. In 1917, the February Revolution occurred while Lenin was living in Switzerland. During this revolution, the Tsar abdicated the throne, so Lenin had nothing to do with the overthrow of the Tsar. After the Tsar was overthrown, a Provisional Government was set up. Lenin overthrew that government in the October Revolution, but never overthrew the Tsar himself.
vladimir lenin In actuality, "communism" was never set up in any country. Lenin set out to set up and did set up socialism, although it was a very poor example of it.
Lenin claimed to follow Marx’s ideas, but in fact he distorted these. Lenin did not believe that workers could liberate themselves, so he though they needed to be led by a vanguard (himself and others). What he set up in Russia was state capitalism, not Communism.
Vladimir Lenin and the Bolshevik Party did, but it was not "after the overthrow of Czar Nicholas II." Immediately after the Czar abdicated and his government collapsed, a Provisional Government of ministers was set up temporarily until a new constitution could be written. In October 1917 (Old Style, November 1917 New Style) Lenin set up the communist government after overthrowing the Provisional Government. In addition, it wasn't really "communist" except in name only. It was socialist.
The "communist revolution" was led by Vladimir Lenin and his Bolshevik Party followers. There were two Russian Revolutions in 1917. The February Revolution ousted the Czar, but was not a communist revolution. The October Revolution was orchestrated by Lenin and the Bolsheviks and ousted the Provisional Government set up after the February Revolution. The Bolshevik changed their name to Communists in March 1918.