There are multiple components to how a tennis racquet "works," though mostly its the player using the racquet who does 95% of the work. Some racquets have heavier heads than others, which can affect how much power the ball can be hit with. Lighter racquets are usually used by juniors, and I personally switched to a full-size racquet at about 12 years old, but that also depends on the player's ability and preferences. An important component is also how the racquet is strung - higher tensions can give you more spin, while lower ones can give you more power. Some strings are made to specialize in certain things, like spin, power, and/or durability. Hitting the ball in the center of the racquet, in the strings' sweet spot, gives you more control. The strings actually bend where the ball hits them, and then contract back to their original position to release the ball. This is mostly where your spin comes from.
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If the player smashes it into the ground, it can make a 'crackle'.
If the player drops the racquet, it can make a 'doing'.
If the player hits the tennis ball with the strings, it can make a 'pop'.