If you are on the green, and you are putting, if the pin is in the hole and you strike it with the ball, you receive a two shot penalty in stroke play or loss of hole in matchplay. You must also play the ball as it lies, so if the ball is holed, it is counted as holed (don't forget the penalty)
If the pin is set at the side of the green and you hit it, the penalty is still the same.
If you are on the green putting, and your ball strikes the pin in the hole or the ball is holed you receive a two shot penalty (Stroke play) and you play the ball as it lies. Or loss of hole in matchplay.
No penalty
It will at some point rest against the pin! Regardless of that, if you putt with the pin in, and the ball is holed, you receive a two shot penalty. The scenario set out in the question means nothing.
Assault of a police officer.
Yes, one stroke penalty, and you must play the ball as it lies. If it was however stopped or deflected by an opponent or their equipment, the ball must be played as it lies and there is no penalty.
They get hit...
No
4 points
Death, by snu-snu
Hitting an opposing player with the crown of your helmet. Spearing is a fifteen yard penalty.
A referee can call an unsportsmanlike penalty for many reasons: -unecessary language - fighting after whistle is blown -hitting the boards in anger -not complying with the rules -taking any penalty to the extreme
If you are off the green, nothing, and play the ball as it lies. If you are on the green it is a two shot penalty and you must play the ball as it lies. So if you are on the green, and putt with the pin in, and it goes in the ball is deemed holed, but there is a two shot penalty.