Execution phase: As the athlete approaches the board the lead leg extends down onto the takeoff board, as the leg lands on the board it is used to push off which involves the gastrocnemius, the glutes, quadriceps and hamstrings as well as the biceps and deltoids used in the arms, this is happening as the other leg is usually at a 90 degree angle shown in figure H. The joints involved are the condyloid joints at the ankle, hinge joints in the toes and at the knee, and ball and socket joints at the hip and shoulder. Figure I shows the next phase of a long jump where you slightly bring your legs back to form flexion at the knee. This uses the hinge joint at the knee and the ball and socket joint at the hip, which uses the quadriceps, hamstrings and glutes as well as the gastrocnemius. Follow through phase: While the legs are being brought back, the arms are rotating around the ball and socket joint at the shoulder and then extending out in front of you to form extension. This uses the biceps, triceps, deltoids, trapezius and latissimus dorsi. The next phase is the extension of the legs before you land, which uses the gastrocnemius, quadriceps, hamstrings, latissimus dorsi and the trapezius; the joints the legs are using is ball and socket at the hip, hinge at the knee and condyloid at the ankle. Before you land, your legs adduct to finish off the jump and land correctly, with both feet together.
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