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Strength is the amount of load or stress a materiall can take before breaking.

Toughness is an intrinsic property of the material that relates to how deep a crack or flaw can be before breaking.

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13y ago
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15y ago

hardness is the ability of material to resist /bear indentation or plastic deformation generally on the surface of materials.

strenght is generally withstandin stresses,fatigue etc.


toughness is the ability to absorb energy without physical change of material.

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15y ago

*Composite structures have some other unique characteristics. There is no yielding or bending point. When the ultimate strength is reached, it simply explodes or disintegrates. Metal alloys on the other hand usually exhibit a definite yield point or point at which some bending occurs before final failure. This allows us to utilize a smaller safety margin when using metals than is possible with composite structures. In other words, we must make the composite structure bigger and heavier to account for the extra safety margin. Composite materials allow engineers to create very complicated structures with reduced weight and increased strength at a lower-cost than can be achieved with some metal structures, but the limitation is usually in the manufacturing or machining methods available and not in the strength to weight ratio. In fact, it is usually possible to create a simple metal structure that is just as strong, stiff, and lightweight as is possible with most composites.

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Q: What is the difference between strength and stiffness?
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Strength and stiffness are not the same thing. Here's an analogy: A rubber band is stretched to failure. The rubber band failed at five pounds of force, but it stretched more than double its length before failure. The rubber band was not very stiff. In fact, it was elastic. Next, we stretch a kite string and find that it also fails at five pounds. It only stretched five percent before failure. It is very stiff. Both the rubber band and the kite string have the same ultimate strength. However, one is very stiff and the other is very flexible. This should demonstrate that strength and stiffness are not the same thing, and they are dependent upon the chosen material. Furthermore, the shape of the material also determines its stiffness without affecting its ultimate strength. For instance, if we take a plastic ruler that is 1/8" thick and 1" wide and bend it in the flat direction it is obvious that it is flexible. However, if we try to bend across the 1" thickness we find that it is very stiff. This demonstrates that the shape of the material causes the stiffness to change. We can take a piece of metal with a given weight and length and change its stiffness by making it narrower and thicker. Conversely, we can make it more flexible by making it wider and thinner.


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