Friction. The movement of the rolling pool balls does no damage to the pool felt. However, the pool balls accumulate pool chalk that is very abrasive. The pool chalk accumulated on the balls and dropping on to the felt both result in tearing of the felt fibers as balls are struck or slide on the table. Occasionally balls bounce or are jumped on the table, resulting in even more damage. Damaged felt is a part of playing pool.
What will make your game room awesome will depend a lot on your style. The must have accessories for a pool table are cues, chalk and a pool cue holder.
cue chalk
Leather is used for the cue tip, and pool chalk is used to provide more friction against the cue ball. Pool chalk is an abrasive using materials found in sandpaper. It is not a form of chalk.
It is called chalking the cue. The pool chalk is an abrasive, not chalk, and provides more frictin between the cue ball and the cue tip.
Pool chalk serves multiple purposes. The chalk allows the tip to become softer, so there is less chance of breaking the tip, and the most important thing chalk does is put English on your cue ball. If your not very good at pool and you go to the YMCA to play, you really don't need chalk, but to be good you need chalk to be able to put English on your ball to make easier shots.
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It was not a pool table if it only had 4 pockets if it was made since about 1800. A 4 pocket table is most likely a bumper pool table.
With the exception of the older lever actuated ball returns and coin operated tables, there are no moving parts for a ball return. The balls drop by gravity and when they fail to come through, it is typically because something fell inside a pocket, often this is a piece of pool chalk. The foreign item needs to be removed and the ball return will work. Rolling balls through the proper pocket can often clear the chalk - if not, it needs to be disassembled.
The sport of pool or pocket billiards uses chalk and pockets.
I do not own a pool table.
If there is no mark on the rails, the table is not marked. It is possible that there are markings or tags that can be found when you take the table apart, but this is not likely. Many pool tables are not marked by the manufacturer.