The term black belt refers to a martial artist who has achieved a certain level of expertise in his chosen art. Many believe that a black belt is an expert, but its more accurate to think of a black belt as a graduate: like a high school graduate. A black belt might best be described as competent in his martial art.
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It depends on the style of martial art. First Kyu, the rank right before Black Belt is identified differently by different schools and styles. Originally it was a brown belt My style uses a brown belt with black ends. Some use a brown belt with a black stripe running the length Some use a red belt (which can mean 9th or 10th Dan in other styles!)
The first belt you earn is your Red belt, the next is gold, then blue, then brown, then black. After you have reached your black belt you can then earn Dans
The belt itself is pretty strong, made of silk layered over a cotton core, with eight or ten rows of stitching. A black belt student might also be very strong; although there is no particular strength requirement for the black belt test, training toward a black belt results in increased strength. It should also be remembered that although you may have earned a black belt, you will not maintain your strength unless you maintain your training.
St-Pierre earned a black belt in BJJ under Bruno Fernandes.
Since a belt system was not originally used in Kung Fu but rather adopted from various Japanese systems the colours are more less the same as most Japanese styles. In order of lowest rank to highest rank they usually look something like this: white belt / no sash - Beginner yellow belt or sash gold belt or sash purple belt or sash orange belt or sash green belt or sash blue belt or sash brown belt or sash red belt or sash black belt or sash - Advanced Often the purple belt is up closer to black and in some cases the red is after black rather than before like so: Black Sash - advanced Red Sash - Master White Sash - Grand Master This will vary from school to school In wushu's case, usually the colour is worn because it matches the uniform.