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The long jumper builds up kinetic energy with the run-up. This is chemical energy in the muscles being converted to kinetic energy, At the point of take off, he or she creates an impulse by kicking against the take-off board. The reaction to that impulse gives the jumper an upward velocity while inertia gives the jumper forward velocity.

Once launched, the jumper is affected by gravity and, to a much lesser extent, aerodynamic drag. These determine the distance jumped.

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