12 yards.
A direct free kick awarded from 12 yards in front of the goal would be within the penalty area. It would have to be a kick awarded to the defense, because if a defender had committed a direct free kick offense at that location the restart would, instead, have been a penalty kick for the attackers.
A goal kick is taken when the offense (players with the ball) kicks it past the line the goal is on. Therefore making it the defenders ball. A goal kick.
A penalty kick is taken from the Penalty Mark, a painted disc 12 yards from the goal line and equidistant from the goal posts. The ball is considered to be legally placed if any part of it is on or over any part of the penalty mark.
From anywhere within the goal area.
Anywhere in the goal area.
From anywhere within the goal area.
A goal kick may be taken by any player on the team.
20 yards
Two yards out.
Yes, "the ink spot" is located 12 yards from the goal, inside the 18 yard box
Free kick distance is entirely dependent on where the foul occurs on the pitch. However, the penalty kick is taken from the penalty mark, which is a spot 12 yards (11 m) from the goal.