Roy Halladay just did it yesterday (No hitter was in postseason though)
The record for the most home runs hit by a pitcher in a single season is 9, achieved by Wes Ferrell in 1931.
Adam Dunn
no hitter
Sandy Koufax with 382 strikeouts in 1965.
Ferguson Jenkins with 25 in 1974.
Through the 2008 season, that is Mordecai 'Three Finger' Brown who won 29 games in the 1908 season.
Through the 2008 season, that is Paul Quantrill who pitched in 86 games in the 2004 season.
As of the 2008 season, that is Ferguson Jenkins who struck out 274 batters in 1970.
The major league pitcher with the highest ERA in a single season who pitched 100 or more innings was Bill Chamberlain. He recorded an ERA of 7.74 in the 1893 season while playing for the St. Louis Browns.
Jim Slaton who did it twice in 1973 & 1976.
Jim Slaton with 38 starts in the 1973 and 1976 seasons.
Through the 2009 season, that was Livan Hernandez of the Montreal Expos with 255 innings pitched in 2004.