No, because a hazard post is an integral part of the course
No
Yes, you can move obstructions from anywhere as long as the ball does not move.
If the ball does not move and you are not in a hazard you do not get penalized however, you are not permitted "cut" the grass on the course.
The key thing is you must know that the ball has went into the water hazard. If it has done so you either play another ball from your original positon, take a two club drop from the edge of the hazard or on a line with the pin and where the ball entered take the ball back as far as you want. There is a one shot penalty for hitting it into the water hazard.
The answer is: it depends. If your ball in a hazard, then NO, you may generally not legally touch loose items in a hazard.If you are otherwise through the green, then the answer is YES, but you must be careful that the ball does not move - even a little bit - as a result.
An outside force causes an object to have more momentum. For example, if you push a ball, the ball would have more momentum and would therefore move. You pushing the ball would be the outside force.
If the person who played the ball think he/she cannot play the ball where it lies then yes the person may take a one stroke penalty and move the ball.
the ball which pitched outside the offstump and than move inside the stumpline is called inswing.
If you are on the green and you hit another ball which is on the green, you receive a two shot penalty and must play your ball where it lies. The other ball must be replaced, you should have asked the other player to move the ball. If however you are not on the green and hit another ball, there is no penalty, you again play yours as it lies and the other ball must be replaced.
If the person outside the plane managed to move along with the plane, at 400 mph, the ball would appear to fall vertically. At lower speeds, the plane and ball would be in sight for a short period of time and the ball would appear to move horizontally with the plane.
To move a ball, it must be acted on by an outside force. Some mechanical energy will have to be applied to it. There are a number of different forces and a number of different balls. We use a club on a golf ball. Baseballs are hit with a bat. A tennis ball is hit with a raquet. A soccer ball is struck with a body part. In all cases, the ball is struck and is accelerated by an outside force. This stuff goes back to Newton. Here's the condensed version. If it's at rest, it wants to stay that way. If it's in motion, it wants to stay that way. And either will be the case unless an outside force (sometimes called an unbalanced force) acts to change things. That's Newton's first law or the law of inertia. Apply a force to a ball and it will move.
There is no penalty if the ball doesn't move, but that seems highly unlikely. If the ball does move you should replace the ball and receive a one stroke penalty.