carbon dioxide (CO2)
Carbon dioxide is the most important stimulus to breathe.
no
ACTH
Authours and social activists provided the stimulus.
Increase of CO2
A conditioned reinforcer. It is a stimulus that gains reinforcing properties through association with a primary reinforcer, making it effective in influencing behavior.
The hypoxic drive, or the body's response to low oxygen levels, is a secondary stimulus to breathe in most individuals. It becomes the primary drive in patients with certain chronic respiratory diseases, such as COPD, where there is a blunted response to high carbon dioxide levels. This shift can lead to decreased respiratory drive with supplemental oxygen therapy, so caution is needed in prescription to prevent respiratory depression.
The primary stimulus that informs the biological clock is light. Light is detected by specialized cells in the retina of the eye, which then send signals to the suprachiasmatic nucleus in the brain to regulate the body's circadian rhythm.
Primary motives are necessary for survival. These would include biological needs like thirst, hunger and the avoidance of pain or death. Stimulus motives are needs for stimulation that are not survival based. These would include physical contact, exploration and curiosity.
Tropism is defined as the movement, generally by a plant, due to outside stimuli; direction of sunlight being a primary stimulus. Chemotropism is defined as oriented growth or movement in response to a chemical stimulus.
In classical conditioning, the association between the neutral stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus is important for learning, leading to a conditioned response. In operant conditioning, reinforcement and punishment are primary for learning as they influence the likelihood of a behavior being repeated in the future.
The primary chemical stimulus for breathing is the concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood. When carbon dioxide levels rise, it triggers the brain to increase the rate and depth of breathing in order to remove excess carbon dioxide and maintain proper pH balance in the body.