In the basics like masks, fins, and snorkel it has changed very little.
In breathing apparatus it has changed significantly. The largest change has been the move from two hose regulators to single hose. The adoption of Diaphragm and environmentally sealed regulators is another big technological leap.
Dive computers which compute the no decompression time for dives was another large step.. Previously, and admittedly still today, many people used precalculated tables which limited the time of the dive. For example if the deepest part of the dive was to 100 feet the tables said you could only be there 8 minutes before having decompression stops. Today with a computer doing the math on-the-fly it is possible to have a dive X minutes longer and still swim around at shallower depths.
Submersible pressure gauges are another big advancement. Earlier divers used a "k" valve which would close when most of the air was gone. You could open it again and then breathe the last of the air as you surfaced. Now a diver always knows how much air is in their tank. The Boyancy Control Device or BCD is another advancment. By wearing a vest that could be filled with air a diver could float neutrally bouyant in the water.
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For one, the invention of the wetsuit, and of the more modern wetsuit later. Then there was the invention of the dry suit that was made later. With the older models of Scuba gear, you would have a helmet that you would wear, and someone else would pump air down to you. There were several other changes, such as the scuba tank, the octopus, then the pony tank and the spare tank. There were more inventions such as nitrox and other mixed gases, and there was more reliable gear that was made later. The closed and semi-closed system were also invented later. The sport of scuba has changed also because the masks used to be metal tunnels with glass on the front, so if they broke, they would send sharp shards of glass around. The sport of scuba has changed a lot over the past 100 years.
It has changed because it has added the BC, the air horn, the dry snorkel, nitrox, mixed gases, stronger tanks, the DIN valve, aluminum tanks, plastic masks, the octopus, the pony tank and spare tank, and more durable and safer gear.