Roberto Clemente most likely had the best overall arm as far as strength and accurately goes. Rocky Colavito might have had a more powerful arm BUT it wasn't as accurate as Clemente's. Carl Furillo, Bob Meusel also had Great arms.
Here's Bill James' Abstract's best arms by decade:
1870's-Jim Hatfield, CIN
1880's-George Gore
1890's-George Van Haltren
1900's-Mike Mitchell
1910's-Tris Speaker
1920's-Bob Meusel
1930's-Mel Ott/Chick Hafey
1940's-Bob Johnson /Vince DiMaggio
Negro Leagues-Jelly Gardner, Martin DiHigo, Cristobal Torriente
1950's-Carl Furillo
1960's-Roberto Clemente
1970's-Ellis Valentine
1980's-Jesse Barfield
1990's-Vladimir Guerrero
For 2000's I would add Ichiro Suzuki to that list too.
I have to throw in Andre Dawson for the 1990's, this is agdog
More Recently, Jose Bautista of the Toronto Blue Jays has an exceptional arm as well, but he did not get much publicity until now that he has 42 home runs, on his way to more, a major league Best.
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Answer SS in big ball and 3b for younger kids. In Big ball many plays require the SS to make off balance throws from deep in the hole towards 3rd to first and getting the extra zip on the ball turning a double play while a runner is taking your feet out from under you. Younger kids lack the range to get themselves in that type of situation where as a lot of travel teams up to the age of nine will still have some kids that cannot effectively throw runners out from third and the age is even higher for Rec. teams. I guess it depends on what age you're asking about. Pros=SS Kids=3B