Yes, it is called an offensive three second violation.
A lane violation is when a player tries to get a rebound before the ball gets to touch the rim during a free throw (high school rules). A key violation or "3 in the key" is when a player (offensive player or defensive player) is under the basket (known as the "paint") for more than 3 seconds.
One foot has to be in the lane in order to get called for 3 in the key.
True.
no
Anytime you have the ball (offense) the 3 second violation can be called.
== == If an offensive team player stayed in the key-hole (painted area) for more than 3 seconds its called a 3 seconds violation. Ball awarded to the opposing team! In the NBA, there is also a defensive three second call. If a defensive player is in the painted area for three seconds while not guarding an offensive player, the officials can call a defensive three second violation. This rule was put in to keep teams who play the zone defense from placing a player in the lane solely for rebounding or keeping an offensive player from driving the lane.
one
yes
This varies state by state. In some states it is a moving violation.
yes
Sure you can fight it.