In soccer, a red card may be issued for things such as extremely hard fouls, violent or offensive conduct, a flagrant handling offense to prevent a goal, and other similar offenses. It should also be noted, however, that two yellow cards in one game leads to a red card as well.
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The first major use for the red and yellow cards was in the 1970 FIFA World Cup. British referee Ken Aston came up with the language-neutral cards for cautions and dismissals.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Misconduct_%28football%29
Red cards where first introduced in 1966 by referee Ken Aston, who devised the idea to help communicate bookings and sendings-off in a manner that would traverse language barriers.
A yellow card is used to warn a player, a red card sends a player off the pitch for the rest of the match. Two yellow cards equal a red card