There are three distinct types of oxy-acetylene flames, usually termed:
-Neutral: The neutral flame will usually have no chemical effect on the metal being welded.
-Carburizing (or excess acetylene): It will cause an increase in the carbon content of the weld metal.
-Oxidizing (or excess oxygen ): It will oxidize or "burn" some of the metal being welded.
The type of flame produced depends upon the ratio of oxygen to acetylene in the gas mixture which leaves the torch tip.
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