Its called Offside, or being in an offside position. Being in an offside position, in and of itself, is not a foul. The foul occurs when the ball is PLAYED to the PERSON in an offside position. You can be "passive", not involved in the play, in an offside position and there is no foul.
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In soccer, an attacking player is offside if he or she is in an offside position at the moment his or her teammate plays the ball, and becomes involved in the play. A player is in an offside position if he or she is ahead of the ball and ahead of the penultimate defender. Note that a player cannot be in an offside position on his or her own half of the field, or if he or she is level with the penultimate defender (usually the goalkeeper and one defender, but can be any two members of the defending team) or with the ball. Note that it is not an offense to be in an offside position.
To become involved with the play and be called for offside, a player must become involved with the play by playing (touching) the ball, interfering with an opponent, or by otherwise gaining an advantage from being in that position.
A player cannot be called offside if he or she receives the ball directly from a throw-in, corner kick, goal kick, or kick-off, nor from a deliberate play by a member of the opposing team (this last bit is the result of a revision effective in 2013, but has nearly always been enforced this way). The reason that these exclusions exist is because the Laws were not written to accommodate tactical errors by the opposing team., and players are expected to be ready for these restarts.
In the event of an infraction, play is stopped and restarted with an indirect free kick for the defending team at the location of the offside player at the moment that his or her teammate played the ball (not where he or she became involved with play).
For a pass to be valid in soccer, the player receiving the ball needs to have at least 2 members of the opposing team in front of him, of which can include the goalkeeper. An offside happens when there is just on or no players from the other team in front. There is one exception to this though. If the player receiving the ball does not have at least two players in front of him, but he/she is behing of the ball when the ball was passed, it is not an offside, but a valid pass.
Offside. Rule 74 Off-Side The position of the player's skates and not that of his stick shall be the determining factor in all instances in deciding an off-side. A player is off-side when both skates are completely over the outer edge of the blue line involved in the play.
An onside player is any player who is not in an offside position, as described in Law 11. Offside players are penalized if they become involved in active play.