No
Yes. A pitcher must make contact with the rubber but it may be a toe, a heel, or the entire foot.
No he is not out. Hitting the rubber is like hitting the ground. He would have to throw out the batter, runner at first base.
If the pitcher is in contact with the runner, the runner is safe if the pitcher drops the ball. If the pitcher is in contact with the rubber, it is a balk if he drops the ball.
Little League Baseball Field measurements from the Pitcher's Rubber to Home Plate is 46 feet.
The pitcher must have his pivot foot touching the pitching rubber when he starts his windup. A right handers pivot foot is the right foot and a left handers pivot foot is the left foot.
The pitcher must be on the "rubber" when making a pitch.
the place where the pitcher stands.
In the MLB, the only time a dead ball can occur on a third strike, is on the 3rd out of that half of the inning. Any other called third strike keeps the ball in play until the pitcher steps on the rubber with the ball or calls time.
the place where the pitcher stands.
from the front of the pitching rubber to the back of home plate is 60'6"
pitching rubber