Stoppage Time
Yes if there was time wasted
It is called stoppage time.Or added time.
If the referee deems it necessary, he or she can add time for stoppage.
Two 45 minute halves plus stoppage time at the digression of the head official.
There isn't an official name, but it's often called added time or stoppage time.
The homophone for a stoppage for a time is "pause."
No. Substitutions may only be made during a stoppage and with the referee's permission.
There are two halfs, each of 45 minutes length, plus stoppage time at the end of each half which is usually 1-4 minutes. If there is extra time, there is another two halfs, each of 15 minutes length, plus stoppage time. The penalties if there is still a tie.
The continuing effort to determine the cause of a stoppage or malfunction and to try to clear the stoppage once it has been identified
None. The clock stops for injuries. Unlike soccer.
A half or period is 45 minutes with additional minutes added for stoppage. Which can make a period up to 50 or more minutes.