With a license, yes. Without a license, no.
With a license, no. Without a license, yes.
If the painting is still protected, you would need a license.
If it is your own or you have a license, yes. For example, something originally conceived as a decorative element may become part of a logo.
Land of the Living Skies
No, you need a license from the holder of the trademark.
Like so many other answers, it depends on the circumstances. As a private owner, it is perfectly legal to sell something that you purchased to someone else. However, there are lots of instances where it may not be. For instance, you may only be able to sell a certain number of things before having to have a license, such as selling more than 2 or 3 cars a year may require you to have a dealer's license. If it is something that you are making, you may need a license depending on what it is. If it is a food item, you may require health certifications. If it has copyrighted logos on it, you need a license to use the logo. Some communities require you to have a license to conduct a garage or tag sale.
As in most copyright licenses, the CC license is open to some level of interpretation. The exact wording used in the fleshed-out NC license is "You may not exercise any of the rights granted to You in Section 3 above in any manner that is primarily intended for or directed toward commercial advantage or private monetary compensation."So say I draw something, put a CC-BY-NC license on it, and you include it in the logo for your business. Even if you're not explicitly selling that logo (eg putting it on t-shirts or something), that's still intended for commerical advantage.
a logo is a picture or a symbol used to represent something
Using a logo without permission would be trademarkinfringement.
The vast majority of uses would require a license.
No, you cannot use a company's trademarked logo without their permission for any reason.