What is a penalty goal in soccer?
A penalty kick is awarded when a defender commits a direct free
kick offense, against an attacker, within his own penalty area, and
during active play.
The penalty kicker places the ball on the penalty mark, 12 yards
from the goal, and gets a one-on-one kick against the opposing goal
keeper. All other players must be outside of the penalty area, 10
yards from the ball, and behind the ball at the taking of the
kick.