The Winter and Summer Games were held on the same year until 1992. At that time the Winter Games split from the Summer Games, and were begun to be held on alternating even years. The first Winter Olympic Games to be held on this new schedule was in 1994 in Lillehammer, Norway.
That is why there was only a two year gap between 1992 and 1994.
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There wasn't, the winter games were also held in 1992, and then the IOC switched from having the summer and winter games the same year to alternating every two years. The new schedule of winter games began in 1994.
The 1940 and 1944 games were cancelled because of the Second World War. The 1916 games were also cancelled, because of the first World War. So the Games of the 30th Olympiad are actually the 27th Games to be held.
Summer Olympic Games
1936
There were Olympic Games in 1936. They were held in Berlin and known as the games of the XI Olympiad.
1940.
The games were scheduled to be held in Tokyo but due to the Second world war, they were cancelled.
1944
The games were scheduled to be held in London but due to the Second world war, they were cancelled.
1948
The games were held in London under very austere conditions. They were known as
the Games of the XIII Olympiad.
Winter Olympis Games.
Were not held in 1940 & 1944.