Sir Ludwig Guttman invented the Paralympics in 1948.
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The Paralympic Games are sport events for elite athletes with a physical disability. They are designed to emphasize the participants' athletic achievements, not their disability. On the day of the opening of the 1948 Summer Olympics in London, Dr. Ludwig Guttmann of Stoke Mandeville Hospital organised a sports competition for British World War II veteran patients with spinal cord injuries. The games were held again at the same location in 1952, and Dutch veterans took part alongside the British, making it the first international competition of its kind. These Stoke Mandeville Games have been described as the precursors of the Paralympic Games. The Paralympics were subsequently officialised as a quadrennial event tied to the Olympic Games, and the first official Paralympic Games, no longer open solely to war veterans, were held in Rome in 1960. At the Toronto 1976 Games other groups of athletes with different disabilities were also included.
In 1948 Dr. Ludwig Guttmann organised a sports competition for British war veteran patients that coincided with the Olympics which were being held in London at the same time. This is thought to have been the beginnings of the modern day Paralympics. The first actual Paralympic event was held in 1960 in Rome.