Mortar has fine rock called, "Sand" in it. There is also finely pulverized limestone in it that helps harden it.
30 minutes to the touch and 24 hours to be functional. If the Mortar is being used in a fireplace or chimney a week or more may be required.
A reduction in temperature.
leaving it out in the cold or puting it in a freezer
If you mix cement ,sand and water you get mortar If you mix cement and stone pebbles or chips you get concrete Concrete.Sometimes gravel is mixed with it, too.
Minerals like calcium and phosphorus :)
They contain a substance called hardener.
Two-set mortar, often referred to as two-component mortar, is a type of adhesive used in construction and masonry that consists of a resin and a hardener. When mixed together, these components initiate a chemical reaction that allows the mortar to cure and harden, providing strong bonding properties. This type of mortar is commonly used for setting tiles, stones, and other masonry materials, offering improved durability and resistance to moisture and temperature changes compared to traditional one-component mortars.
The chemical reaction that makes Shake-N-Cast harden is a hydration reaction between the product and water. This reaction forms a strong bond between the material particles and creates a solid and durable structure.
Keratin... it's a natural substance that makes the nail harden.
Volcanic activity in which lava and magma cool and harden into rock and stone.
lava, because it forms outside of Earth's surface and makes rocks that harden