There is actually no real difference between a "longbow" and a "bow", since a longbow is simply a type of bow. There are many types of bows, as used in Archery, and each type includes various sub-types: Longbow; Recurved; Flatbow; Shortbow; Reflex/Deflex; Compound; Crossbow; etc.
While some people believe that a longbow must be made for the specific height of the particular person who will be using it, the only things that makes a bow a "longbow" are that it is normally (but not always) longer in length (nock to nock) than a recurved bow of a comparable draw-weight; the limbs are normally not very wide when compared to a flatbow of comparable draw-weight; and that when "braced" (when the string is installed on the bow) the string does not touch any part of the bow except at the nocks (the grooves the string sits in at the very ends of the bow's limbs).
A "longbow" does not have to be six feet long to be usable by a person who is 6 feet tall. In fact, a "longbow" can technically be almost any length, so long as it meets the above three requirements.
The Samick "Raider" Longbow is an example of a longbow that is "short" in length (it is only 60-inches in length), and when un-braced it resembles a recurved bow, due to its Reflex/Deflex design. But when braced, the string touches only the nocks, which makes the bow a Longbow.
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